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Tj Power27 September 2024

How Dopamine Shapes Your Habits and Productivity - Tj Power

5Frameworks
15Insights

Frameworks in this episode

Insights & moments

The myth-busts, hot takes, explainers, and tools worth keeping.

Myth Buster· 1

Myth Buster07:30

The speed-of-pleasure test: book vs Instagram

Rather than memorising good and bad activities, TJ offers one diagnostic — how quickly does this give you pleasure? A book is unrewarding for ten or fifteen minutes then becomes genuinely pleasurable as dopamine is earned. Instagram feels good instantly, spikes unnaturally high, and the brain crashes it back for homeostasis. The follow-on test is satisfaction: 20 minutes of reading leaves you satisfied, 20 minutes of scrolling leaves you yearning for more.

the way to identify if something is unnatural dopamine it's just how quickly does it give you pleasure

TJ Power · 08:00

the pursuit of satisfaction is the goal with open m you want to pursue any kind of activity that at the end you think wow…

TJ Power · 29:00

Hot Take· 4

Hot Take10:30

Choosing the harder path builds a bigger dopamine capacity

Prompted by Ali's habit of playing video games on the hardest difficulty, TJ argues that repeatedly choosing the effortful path — making YouTube videos while studying at university — trains a greater capacity to generate dopamine than the average brain. He extends it to hunter-gatherers in harsh versus abundant environments, and to the modern contrast between kids raised with silver spoons who become demotivated and immigrant grinders like Gary Vaynerchuk. Effort in one lane makes effort in every other lane easier.

the fact you chose the harder path mean means your brain has had to work harder throughout your life and therefore your brain will have…

TJ Power · 11:00

if you're forced to have to put in more effort to your life you're just going to be a more motivated individual

TJ Power · 12:30
Hot Take24:30

Why hard video games aren't in the same camp as TikTok

TJ separates effortful games from unnatural dopamine. Flow state requires a balance between challenge and skill, and games are engineered — via level progression and skill-based matchmaking — to sit exactly at that point. Candy Crush is zero effort and maximum pleasure, so it crashes you; strategic, demanding games like Minecraft, Call of Duty or Horizon make the brain work and generate dopamine on a more natural curve. He tells boys in schools that gaming is fine provided walking, eating and socialising are in place.

video games are an interesting topic as well because I don't put them in the same camp as all the unnatural dopamine in terms of…

TJ Power · 25:30

there's zero effort Max pleasure dopamine crash

TJ Power · 26:00
Hot Take1:25:30

Depression as a message, not a broken brain

Asked whether depression is a chemical imbalance or a signal about environment, TJ says it is predominantly within our control, with caveats. He locates depression more in the dopamine pathway than serotonin, since it blocks the ability to pursue anything. From his own prolonged lows with alcohol and drugs he reframed it: not my brain is broken, but my brain and body are clever enough to signal that my behaviour needs to change. He separates genuine grief — bereavement, breakups, job loss — from depression, warning the two are being conflated.

I do believe it is predominantly within our control and I'll take some caveats on that

TJ Power · 1:26:00

I specifically think it's actually much more connected to the dopamine pathway than to the serotonin pathway

TJ Power · 1:26:30
Hot Take1:28:30

ADHD as attention deficit hyperactivity ability

TJ describes ADHD as genetically low dopamine production, which means every effortful pursuit produces a bigger relative elevation — a hunter starting at one and jumping to ten would feel extraordinary in the hunt and become the group's greatest contributor. He also argues modern behaviour manufactures ADHD-like symptoms by burning the system out with social media, sugar, porn and alcohol. His team is working to reframe the acronym from disorder to ability, on the view that finding something to harness — career, music, art — steadily raises baseline dopamine and lifts symptoms.

those with ADHD have genetically low levels of dopamine production

TJ Power · 1:28:30

we're trying to rename ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to adha attention deficit hyperactivity ability

TJ Power · 1:31:30

Explainer· 5

Explainer02:00

Why dopamine is the chemical the modern world hijacked

TJ Power frames all four DOSE chemicals against a 300,000-year hunter-gatherer design brief: wake, hunt, build shelter, connect, fight. Dopamine evolved to power those effortful survival actions. The modern world figured out how to hack that same feeling with porn, TikTok, cigarettes and alcohol, which wrecks dopamine baselines and leaves people unable to take action towards the careers and health they say they want.

dopamine is the chemical that's getting hit the hardest by the modern world for sure it's the chemical that Society has managed to figure out…

TJ Power · 02:00

and Society really needs to understand that operating and getting this chemical into balance is what's going to enable you to actually get focused and…

TJ Power · 03:00
Explainer05:30

The first 15 minutes: why starting a task always feels worst

Procrastination is described as a low-dopamine state. Using cleaning a bathroom as the example, TJ walks through the arc: the first five minutes are grim, momentum builds around ten, and flow state — which takes the average brain about 15 minutes to enter — flips the experience so you are more into it than expected. The practical implication is to expect the opening stretch of any task to be the hardest, especially if you scrolled beforehand.

it takes on average a human brain about 15 minutes to enter Flow State

TJ Power · 06:30

the first 50 minutes are always going to be the hardest because at that point you're sitting at Baseline dopamine

TJ Power · 07:00
Explainer46:00

Social media moderately satisfies connection — and manufactures loneliness

Unlike dopamine, oxytocin cannot be hijacked, only disrupted — a phone glanced at mid-conversation breaks eye contact and presence. TJ's concern with Instagram stories and Snapchat is that they moderately satisfy a deep need to connect, killing the desire to pursue the real thing. He tells the story of moving to Lisbon alone, watching his screen time climb as he failed to make friends. When the need goes chronically unmet, the chemical kicks back by increasing loneliness to push you towards real connection.

the challenge I have with this is I think it's actually creating a lack of desire to pursue meaningful oxytocin because we're moderately satisfying this…

TJ Power · 46:30

increase feelings of loneliness within our brain because it's trying to create a greater desire to actually pursue meaningful connection

TJ Power · 47:30
Explainer48:30

Individualism, Dunbar's number and the accidental meaning hypothesis

TJ contrasts collectivistic Eastern cultures — serving the group, caring for grandparents — which pull you out of your own head and raise oxytocin, with Western individualism that orients you towards serving yourself. Ali brings in Paul Millerd's accidental meaning hypothesis: the 1950s package of one job, one town, church and neighbours accidentally produced community, while job-hopping, city high-rises and self-focus created a void. TJ maps the shift as society moving from oxytocin and the group to dopamine and the chase for success, and invokes Dunbar's 150.

if you look at a collectivistic society some of like the more Eastern practices in our world and Eastern philosophies lead to you having a…

TJ Power · 49:00

Dumar basically suggested that humans prospered for the longest period of time throughout our ancestry in groups of 150 people

TJ Power · 51:30
Explainer1:11:00

Grounding, fractals and why nature calms the nervous system

Asked about a friend who travels with a grounding mat, TJ says the science is reasonable: humans carry a positive charge, the Earth a negative one, and direct contact neutralises it, balancing heart rate and blood pressure. Bare feet on grass fire the parasympathetic system. He adds that cities are sympathetic-dominant environments and that research shows straight-edged buildings stress the brain relative to the fractal variety nature offers — so walk on the grass beside the path, not the concrete.

a human being has an electronic charge just like anything does and we have a positive elic charge and the Earth has a negative electronic…

TJ Power · 1:11:00

even in research you see that straight edge buildings can stress our brain out over what we call fractal which is like the variety that…

TJ Power · 1:12:00

Story· 2

Story13:00

Lottery winners, exits, and the depression that follows arrival

TJ notes that lottery winners often become depressed shortly after becoming millionaires overnight because the pursuit disappears. Ali confirms it from interviews with founders who sold businesses for tens to hundreds of millions and got depressed afterwards, realising the ten years of building with people they liked brought more joy than the number in the bank. Both conclude the brain is designed to be climbing some mountain at all times.

you look at individuals that win the lottery for example and become a millionaire overnight very quickly depression arises after that because there's no longer…

TJ Power · 13:00

the last 10 years of working with people that they like to build something cool that brought them way more joy than seeing 100 million…

Ali Abdaal · 13:30
Story32:00

TJ's five years of loss, addiction, and the decision at 22

Between 16 and 21 five people in TJ's family died, and he went heavily into alcohol, drugs, social media and porn as distraction. At 22 he decided to build a life that was naturally pleasurable and financially viable, which forced him to clarify what he would chase instead. Porn was hardest to quit because it is a hidden addiction nobody discusses; he only broke it by tracking how it degraded his capacity to act on his primary goal the next morning.

pretty challenging period of loss in my life from 16 to 21 where five people in my family passed away in five years

TJ Power · 32:30

ultimately the only way I managed to quit it was by really deeply observing how it was affecting my capacity to take action towards my…

TJ Power · 33:30

Tool· 2

Tool18:00

Notification design: focus modes, blockers and zero badges

Ali notes every entrepreneur he messages seems to have notifications silenced, and describes whitelisting only his girlfriend, mum, brother and grandma so he controls the timing of interruptions. TJ runs no badges and no notifications at all, arguing society was trained over 10 to 15 years to accept them and that you never miss anything because you compulsively open the apps anyway. He rates hard blockers like One Tech above Apple Screen Time, which he skipped past, and defends boredom as a dopamine-restoring state.

I'm in control of the notifications of the timing of notifications rather than them being in control of me

Ali Abdaal · 21:30

I have no badges on any apps I've got no notification that can come in at any time

TJ Power · 22:00
Tool1:23:00

Wearables, and why sleep before midnight counts double

TJ rates Whoop and Oura for making you aware of how behaviour affects your experience, but has just removed his after two years to test the effect. The two things it changed for him: going to bed earlier, because scores were better for the same duration when sleep started earlier, and seeing plainly how disruptive alcohol is. He connects this to the old saying that an hour before midnight is worth two after, noting research supports pre-midnight sleep being more restorative.

I interestingly have taken my whoop off the first time four days ago after two years of wearing it

TJ Power · 1:23:30

it's really clear that your sleep before midnight is actually much more restorative for your body than your sleep after midnight

TJ Power · 1:24:00

Takeaway· 1

Takeaway1:47:30

Don't do all 20 actions — optimise tomorrow morning only

Closing the episode with roughly 20 action points on the table, TJ tells listeners not to build a 20-item to-do list. DOSE runs a 60-day habit formation period, and the entry point is dopamine because every other behaviour needs motivation. The instruction is to make one rule: tomorrow morning, wake, brush teeth, splash cold water, make the bed, and get sunlight before social media. Everything about the brain runs on momentum, so an optimised start translates outward into nature, food and the rest.

everything about our brain operates through momentum and however you start your day is going to dictate the rest of how your day goes

TJ Power · 1:48:30

if you make your only core rule to make sure the start of your day is Super optimized you'll then begin to see it translates…

TJ Power · 1:49:00